Dynasties of Eurasian Steppe

Khazar

Caspian Steppe / Eurasia · 650 – 969

1 figure

Qipchaq

Pontic Steppe · 1000 – 1241

2 figures

Mongol Empire

Mongol Empire / Eurasian Steppe · 1206 – 1368

The largest contiguous land empire in human history, built in a single generation by Genghis Khan and his sons. At its 1279 peak it spanned from the Pacific to the Black Sea, ruling perhaps a hundred million people across China, Central Asia, Persia, Mesopotamia, and the Russian steppe. Within a century of its founding it had fragmented into four major khanates — the Yuan dynasty in China, the Ilkhanate in Persia, the Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia, and the Golden Horde over Russia — each ruled by descendants of Genghis.

14 figures